An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a specific problem or accomplish a particular task. It is like a recipe that guides us in solving problems using a computer program.
Let's start with some simple examples to help beginners understand the concept of algorithms and how they are implemented using Python.
Example 1: Finding the Sum of Two Numbers
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Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Input the first number (num1)
3. Input the second number (num2)
4. Add num1 and num2 and store the result in a variable sum
5. Output the value of sum
6. Stop
Python code:
- num1 = int(input("Enter the first number: "))
- num2 = int(input("Enter the second number: "))
- sum = num1 + num2
- print("The sum is", sum)
Explanation: In this example, the algorithm takes two numbers as input, adds them together, and outputs the sum.
Example 2: Finding the Maximum of Three Numbers
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Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Input the first number (num1)
3. Input the second number (num2)
4. Input the third number (num3)
5. If num1 is greater than num2 and num1 is greater than num3, then:
- Display "The maximum number is num1"
Else if num2 is greater than num1 and num2 is greater than num3, then:
- Display "The maximum number is num2"
Else:
- Display "The maximum number is num3"
6. Stop
Python code:
- num1 = int(input("Enter the first number: "))
- num2 = int(input("Enter the second number: "))
- num3 = int(input("Enter the third number: "))
- if num1 > num2 and num1 > num3:
- print("The maximum number is", num1)
- elif num2 > num1 and num2 > num3:
- print("The maximum number is", num2)
- else:
- print("The maximum number is", num3)
Explanation: This algorithm takes three numbers as input and compares them to find the maximum value among them. The output displays which number is the largest.
These are simple examples, but they illustrate the fundamental concepts of algorithms. By breaking down problems into step-by-step instructions, we can solve complex problems efficiently using programming languages like Python.
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